[Processing × Java] How to use variables

This article is for understanding the structure of the program through Processing. This time I will write about variables.

table of contents 0. What are variables

1. Variable type
2. Example of a program using variables

0. What are variables

Variables are like ** boxes for data **.

variable00.java

//Substitute 5 for the variable a.
int a = 5;
//Substitute 10 for the variable b.
int b = 10;

//a +b Display the result.
println(a + b);

15

Caution: When you use a variable in Java, you need to specify ** what kind of variable it is **. NG　:　a = 5 OK　:　int　a = 5

Types include int for integers, float for floating point numbers, String for strings, and color for colors. Reference article: Java reference understood in the figure

Point: In the program, the equal sign (=) indicates ** substitution **. It's easy to understand if you think of it as a ** arrow pointing to the left **.

int　a ⬅︎ 5

1. Variable type

Variables include ** Built-in variables ** and ** User-defined variables **.

variable01.java

size(600,400);
rect(0,0,width-100,height-100);

Point　:　Built-in variables Variables prepared in advance. width (= screen width), height (= screen height), mouseX (= mouse X coordinate), mouseY (= mouse Y coordinate) ... etc.

in this case, width = 600 height = 400 Can be used without having to define it yourself. lucky!

Point　:　User-defined variables Variables that you define and use. How to use: ① ** Declaration ** → ② ** Initial setting ** → ③ ** Use **

How to use (example) ① ** Declaration ** (I'm thinking of using such a variable!) int a; ② ** Initial setting ** (This variable should be set to this value!) a = 10; ③ ** Use ** (Then I will use it ...!) println(a);

• Declaration and initial setting can be done at the same time (Example) int a = 5;

2. Example of a program using variables

◯ Programs using mouseX and mouseY

variable02.java

//It is executed only once when the program starts.
void setup(){
//Determine the size of the screen
  size(600,400);
}

//infinite loop
void draw(){
//The area of the rectangle changes depending on the location of the mouse.
  rect(0,0,mouseX,mouseY);
}

Point　:　 setup () repeats the process in {} only once. (Something like initial settings) draw () repeats the process in {} infinitely. (infinite loop)

rect (X coordinate at the upper left corner of the rectangle, Y coordinate at the upper left corner of the rectangle, horizontal side length, vertical side length);

◯ Program using mouseX and mouseY②

variable03.java

//Repeat only once at the beginning
void setup(){
//Determine the size of the screen
  size(510,510);
}
//infinite loop
void draw(){
  //Do not draw the edge
  noStroke();
  //Decide how many colors to paint in the figure →(R,G,B)
  fill(mouseX/2,mouseY/2,255);
  //Determine the coordinates, width, and height of the center of the circle.
  ellipse(mouseX,mouseY,30,30);
}

◯ A program that defines variables by yourself and moves the circle horizontally

variable04.java

//Define a float type variable xpos.
//A variable that represents the position of x.
float xpos = 0;

void setup(){
  size(510,200);
  background(0);
}

void draw(){
  //Do not fill the inside of the circle.
  noFill();
  stroke(100,230,random(180,255));
  //The x coordinate of the circle is determined by xpos.
  //The size of the circle should be random.
  ellipse(xpos,height/2,random(100),random(100));
  //Increase xpos by 10.
  xpos += 10;

}

◯ A program that defines variables by yourself and moves the circle horizontally ②

variable04.java

//Define a float type variable xpos.
//A variable that represents the position of x.
float xpos = 0;

void setup(){
  size(510,200);
}

void draw(){
  //Try repainting the background each time you loop.
  background(0);
  //Do not fill the inside of the circle.
  noFill();
  stroke(100,230,random(180,255));
  //The x coordinate of the circle is determined by xpos.
  //The size of the circle should be random.
  ellipse(xpos,height/2,random(100),random(100));
  //Increase xpos by 10.
  xpos += 10;

  //When the circle pops out of the screen, make it come out from the left again.
  if(xpos > width){
    xpos = 0;
  }
}

Finally

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