package java.lang;
/**
* An object that may hold resources (such as file or socket handles)
* until it is closed. The {@link #close()} method of an {@code AutoCloseable}
* object is called automatically when exiting a {@code
* try}-with-resources block for which the object has been declared in
* the resource specification header. This construction ensures prompt
* release, avoiding resource exhaustion exceptions and errors that
* may otherwise occur.
*
* @apiNote
* <p>It is possible, and in fact common, for a base class to
* implement AutoCloseable even though not all of its subclasses or
* instances will hold releasable resources. For code that must operate
* in complete generality, or when it is known that the {@code AutoCloseable}
* instance requires resource release, it is recommended to use {@code
* try}-with-resources constructions. However, when using facilities such as
* {@link java.util.stream.Stream} that support both I/O-based and
* non-I/O-based forms, {@code try}-with-resources blocks are in
* general unnecessary when using non-I/O-based forms.
*
* @author Josh Bloch
* @since 1.7
*/
public interface AutoCloseable {
/**
* Closes this resource, relinquishing any underlying resources.
* This method is invoked automatically on objects managed by the
* {@code try}-with-resources statement.
*
* <p>While this interface method is declared to throw {@code
* Exception}, implementers are <em>strongly</em> encouraged to
* declare concrete implementations of the {@code close} method to
* throw more specific exceptions, or to throw no exception at all
* if the close operation cannot fail.
*
* <p> Cases where the close operation may fail require careful
* attention by implementers. It is strongly advised to relinquish
* the underlying resources and to internally <em>mark</em> the
* resource as closed, prior to throwing the exception. The {@code
* close} method is unlikely to be invoked more than once and so
* this ensures that the resources are released in a timely manner.
* Furthermore it reduces problems that could arise when the resource
* wraps, or is wrapped, by another resource.
*
* <p><em>Implementers of this interface are also strongly advised
* to not have the {@code close} method throw {@link
* InterruptedException}.</em>
*
* This exception interacts with a thread's interrupted status,
* and runtime misbehavior is likely to occur if an {@code
* InterruptedException} is {@linkplain Throwable#addSuppressed
* suppressed}.
*
* More generally, if it would cause problems for an
* exception to be suppressed, the {@code AutoCloseable.close}
* method should not throw it.
*
* <p>Note that unlike the {@link java.io.Closeable#close close}
* method of {@link java.io.Closeable}, this {@code close} method
* is <em>not</em> required to be idempotent. In other words,
* calling this {@code close} method more than once may have some
* visible side effect, unlike {@code Closeable.close} which is
* required to have no effect if called more than once.
*
* However, implementers of this interface are strongly encouraged
* to make their {@code close} methods idempotent.
*
* @throws Exception if this resource cannot be closed
*/
void close() throws Exception;
}
package java.io;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* A {@code Closeable} is a source or destination of data that can be closed.
* The close method is invoked to release resources that the object is
* holding (such as open files).
*
* @since 1.5
*/
public interface Closeable extends AutoCloseable {
/**
* Closes this stream and releases any system resources associated
* with it. If the stream is already closed then invoking this
* method has no effect.
*
* <p> As noted in {@link AutoCloseable#close()}, cases where the
* close may fail require careful attention. It is strongly advised
* to relinquish the underlying resources and to internally
* <em>mark</em> the {@code Closeable} as closed, prior to throwing
* the {@code IOException}.
*
* @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
*/
public void close() throws IOException;
}
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.IOException;
class AutoCloseableSample implements AutoCloseable {
@Override
public void close() throws Exception {
System.out.println("AutoClosable");
}
}
class CloseableSample implements Closeable {
@Override
public void close() throws IOException {
System.out.println("Closable");
}
}
public class ExceptionSample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try (CloseableSample closeableSample = new CloseableSample(); // IOException
AutoCloseable autoCloseable = new AutoCloseableSample() // Exception
) {
} catch (IOException e) {}
catch (Exception e) {}
}
}
Es wird in umgekehrter Reihenfolge beim Öffnen mit try-with-resource geschlossen.
AutoClosable
Closable
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