# Load the module
$ sudo modprobe mac80211_hwsim
Loading the module creates a virtual interface
$ ip a
45: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 02:00:00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
46: wlan1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 02:00:00:00:01:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
47: hwsim0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ieee802.11/radiotap 12:00:00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
wlan0 and wlan1 were generated. If no number is specified, two NICs will be created. hwsim0 seems to be an interface that can observe frames of all channels. Virtual interface disappears when module is released
# Load the module
sudo modprobe -r mac80211_hwsim
There is a parameter called radios, which allows you to count the number of virtual NICs to generate.
$ sudo modprobe mac80211_hwsim radios=5
$ ip a
~~Abbreviation~~
48: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 02:00:00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
49: wlan1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 02:00:00:00:01:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
50: wlan2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 02:00:00:00:02:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
51: wlan3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 02:00:00:00:03:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
52: wlan4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 02:00:00:00:04:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
53: hwsim0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ieee802.11/radiotap 12:00:00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/mac80211_hwsim