[JAVA] A memo when the incoming number acquisition using Broadcast Receiver does not work on Android 9/10

Getting the incoming number using BroadcastReceiver didn't work very well, so I'll write a solution.

: checkedered_flag: What you want to do

I want to get the number I received when I received a call.

: pencil2: Receiver to get the status of the phone

First, I searched and tried with the well-written code.

xml:Android.Manifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.callreceivetest">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>

</manifest>

• TextView displays the phone number

MainActivity.java

    TextView callinfo;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        callinfo=findViewById(R.id.callinfo);

        //Listener settings
        TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager)getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
        telephonyManager.listen(mListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CALL_STATE);

    }

    PhoneStateListener mListener = new PhoneStateListener(){
        @Override
        public void onCallStateChanged(int state, String callNumber) {
            //Log.d(TAG, ":" + state+"-PhoneNumber:"+callNumber);
            switch(state){
                case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:      //Standby (at the end)
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "End call\nCALL_STATE_IDLE", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    break;
                case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:   //Incoming call*
                    if(callNumber==null){
                        callNumber="";
                    }
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Incoming call\nCALL_STATE_RINGING: " + callNumber, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    callinfo.setText("Incoming call:"+callNumber);
                    break;
                case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:   //Call
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "talking\nCALL_STATE_OFFHOOK", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    break;
            }
        }
    };

When I run this code on an Android 10 emulator, it looks like the image and I can get the phone status, but for some reason I can't get the phone number.

: bulb: Cause of not being able to get the phone number

From Android 9/10 (API level 28 or higher), it seems that the permissions required to get a phone number using BroadcastReceiver have changed. Reference site: https://developer.android.com/about/versions/pie/android-9.0-changes-all?hl=ja#restrict-access-phone-numbers This time, we use onCallStateChanged () to get it, so we need ** READ_CALL_LOG (call history) permission in addition to READ_PHONE_STATE (phone) **.

However, the Android Developers site says "READ_PHONE_STATE permission is not required", but without READ_PHONE_STATE, it was not possible to get the phone number in Android 9 and earlier versions. (I actually checked it with an emulator) So, ** you need two permissions, READ_PHONE_STATE and READ_CALL_LOG, to support all versions **.

Revised

xml:Android.Manifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.callreceivetest">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>

</manifest>

: iphone: Result of changing to "Call history" permission

I was able to get the phone number properly even on Android10!

: chains: Reference site

Program: https://storyboard.jp/blog/android_telmanager/

If you want to get a status other than incoming call, in-call, or end of call, it is easy to understand by referring to here. https://qiita.com/syukai/items/d4911590a001d401a028