[RUBY] Introduce devise in Rails to implement user management functionality

Introduce devise and easily implement user management functions

In Rails, I summarized how to implement user management function using devise of gem.

Introducing devise

First, add devise to the gemfile.

gemfile

gem 'devise'

Run bundle install ** and restart the server. ** **

Then create a devise config file.

$ rails g devise:install

Create a user model.

rails g devise user

At this time, the migration file will be generated at the same time as the user model is created, so if there is a column to add, describe it before migrating.

○○_devise_create_users.rb

--abridgement--
class DeviseCreateUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0]
  def change
    create_table :users do |t|
      ## Database authenticatable
      t.string :nickname,           null: false, default: ""
      t.string :email,              null: false, default: ""
      t.string :encrypted_password, null: false, default: ""
      t.string :family_name,        null: false, default: ""
      t.string :first_name,         null: false, default: ""
      t.string :read_family,        null: false, default: ""
      t.string :read_first,         null: false, default: ""
      t.date :birth,                null: false
--abridgement--

Email and password should be attached by default, so this time I created to add other columns.

As an aside, when preparing the date of birth column, I use the date type, but since the default value can not be set other than a constant, I have not set the default this time.

Migrate when you're ready.

$ rails db:migrate

All you have to do is prepare the view file and you're ready to go.

Sign-up implementation

In order to register information other than email and password when user signs up, it is necessary to describe in application_controller.

application_controller.rb

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  before_action :authenticate_user!, except: [:index]
  before_action :configure_permitted_parameters, if: :devise_controller?

  protected
  def configure_permitted_parameters
    devise_parameter_sanitizer.permit(:sign_up, keys: [:nickname, :family_name, :email, :first_name, :read_family, :read_first, :birth])
  end
end

If you are transitioning to a page other than when you are on the index page, you can force yourself to jump to the login page. I wrote the before_action: authenticate_user! method.

To register additional parameters Before_action: Write the configure_permitted_parameters method.

Also, be sure to pass the model instance variables and paths to the form_with method of the view file.

ruby:views/devise/registrations/new.html.erb

---abridgement---
<%= form_with class: 'registration-main', model: @user, url: user_registration_path,  local: true do |f| %>
---abridgement---

ruby:views/devise/sessions/new.html.erb

---abridgement---
<%= form_with class: 'registration-main',model: @user, url: user_session_path, local: true do |f| %>
---abridgement---

Without it, it wouldn't work well with the user table.

Logout implementation

Here, let's implement a logout button in the view file with the link_to method. The point is to remember to write the path to disconnect the user session.

ruby:xxx.html.erb

<li><%= link_to 'Log out', destroy_user_session_path, method: :delete, class: "logout" %></li>

How to change the notation between login and guest

When you are logged in, a button to move to My Page and a button to log out are displayed on the page, I will also summarize the description so that the new registration button and login button will be displayed when you are not logged in (when you are a guest).

Let's use the user_signed_in? method of the helper method. Write the following in the corresponding view file.

ruby:views/xxx.html.erb

<% if user_signed_in? %>
          <li><%= link_to current_user.nickname, root_path, class: "user-nickname" %></li>
          <li><%= link_to 'Log out', destroy_user_session_path, method: :delete, class: "logout" %></li>
      <% else %>
          <li><%= link_to 'Login', new_user_session_path, class: "login" %></li>
          <li><%= link_to 'sign up', new_user_registration_path, class: "sign-up" %></li>
      <% end %>