[Introduction to Java] Basics of java arithmetic (for beginners)

I'm a fledgling programmer for the first year. This is a collection of personal notes that have been organized and published for review purposes. Please note that there is a high possibility that you are wrong.

Attitude

――If you do it with the image of mathematics that you learned at school, you will be surprised at the difference

x = x + 1;

And

count += 2;

Or, as a programmer, it feels like "Oh, yes", but for those who are just starting programming, it can be "! ??".

――Since it may differ from the meaning of general mathematical operators in this way, it is basically necessary to think of it as a different meaning.

On top of that, you should find a common place.

Expression components

1. Operator: "+" "-" "=", etc.
2. Operand: Other than the operator

Literal

--The value described in the source code, which is an element in itself --The difference from operands is that literals have the described value itself as an element, but operands do not necessarily have the described value as the element itself.

int a , b;
a = 10;          //10 is an integer literal
b = a + 27;     //a,b,27 is an operand, but literals are only 27

boolean flag;
flag = true;     //true is a boolean literal

Evaluation

--The operator performs calculations using the surrounding operands and changes to values with the operands.

Example

int numA = 1;
int numB = 2;
int ans = numA + numB;
//operator+Changes to a value of 3 with numA and numB.

if(numA < numB){
    System.out.println("numA is less than numB");
}
//operator>Changes to true with numA and numB

System.out.println(numA == numB);
//When you actually output characters, the result will be false

operator

--The site on the right is easy to understand (round throw). Reference) Java Road: Operator

――Roughly summarize in a table

† Note 1: For a ++, assign a value and then add +1. ++ a is +1 and then assigned.

Example

int a = 0;
int b = 0;
System.out.println(a++);    //The result is 0
System.out.println(++b);    //The result is 1

System.out.println(a);    //The result is 1
System.out.println(b);    //The result is 1

But in fact, most of the time I see ```i ++; `` `alone, and I haven't seen or written the code (for now) if I can't distinguish it. I think you should put it in the corner of your head.

† Note 2: Be careful when comparing objects. Reference) Comparison of objects † Note 3: What is short-circuit evaluation?

int num = 5;
if(num > 2 || num > 7){
    //Process A
} else {
    //Process B
}

If there is a process like this, num> 7 is not evaluated because it is confirmed that it will be true when the evaluation of num> 2 is completed. When the evaluation is confirmed in this way, not performing unnecessary evaluation after that is called ___ short-circuit evaluation ___.

Ternary operator

--Use as below

How to write

[conditions] ? [Return value if TRUE] : [Return value for FALSE] ;

――Be careful because it is said that readability is poor if you use it easily. Until you get used to it, you should remember it exclusively when reading

int n = a > 0 ? 1 : 0 ;
//The meaning is the same as below

int n;
if(a > 0){
    n = 1;
} else {
    n = 0;
}

reference)

-Is the ternary operator evil?