How to plot a lot of legends by changing the color of the graph continuously with matplotlib

I want to change the color with matplotlib and display a lot of legends

Usage

I want to display a lot of graphs using matplotlib, but by default I can only get a finite number of colors. I would like to introduce an easy way to solve this. In that case, I often want to display a lot of legends, which was difficult with the old matplotlib, but now it's very easy, so I'll show you how to do it as a bonus.

sample

Overview

For the two functions y = arctan ((n + 1) x) and y = x ^ n, we will introduce an example of overlaying a graph with n shifted by 20.

colormap points

usercmap = plt.get_cmap('jet')
cNorm  = colors.Normalize(vmin=0, vmax=num)
scalarMap = cm.ScalarMappable(norm=cNorm, cmap=usercmap)

Now select jet with colormap, declare color coding with 0 to num (20) number of data, and generate scalarMap with cm.ScalarMappable. In the for loop Select a color as c = scalarMap.to_rgba (i).

Points for displaying a lot of legends

python


plt.legend(bbox_to_anchor=(0., 1.01, 1., 0.01), loc='lower left',ncol=10, mode="expand", borderaxespad=0.,fontsize=8)

Specify the location with bbox_to_anchor = (X coordinate, Y coordinate, X size, Y size), and adjust the number of columns to fold with ncol.

Sample code

python



#!/usr/bin/env python 
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.cm as cm
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'serif'
import optparse
import matplotlib.pylab as plab
from matplotlib.colors import LogNorm
import matplotlib.colors as colors

### plot 1D plot : shifted 
F = plt.figure(figsize=(12,8.))
plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.3, hspace=0.6)

ax = plt.subplot(2,1,1)
ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)             
plt.figtext(0.02,0.02,"[matplotlib legend test]")
plt.xscale('linear')
plt.yscale('linear')
plt.grid(linestyle='dotted',alpha=0.5)
plt.xlabel(r'x-axis (a.u.)')
plt.ylabel(r'y-axis')        
x = np.arange(-1,1,0.1)
num=20
y = []
for j in range(num):
    y.append(np.arctan(x*(j+1)))

usercmap = plt.get_cmap('jet')
cNorm  = colors.Normalize(vmin=0, vmax=num)
scalarMap = cm.ScalarMappable(norm=cNorm, cmap=usercmap)

for i,oney in enumerate(y):
    c = scalarMap.to_rgba(i)
    plt.errorbar(x, oney, fmt="o-", color = c, alpha = 0.8, linewidth = 1, label=str(i))        

plt.legend(bbox_to_anchor=(0., 1.01, 1., 0.01), loc='lower left',ncol=10, mode="expand", borderaxespad=0.,fontsize=8)


ax = plt.subplot(2,1,2)
ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)             
plt.xscale('linear')
plt.yscale('linear')
plt.grid(linestyle='dotted',alpha=0.5)
plt.xlabel(r'x-axis (a.u.)')
plt.ylabel(r'y-axis')        
x = np.arange(-1,1,0.1)
num=20
y = []
for j in range(num):
    y.append(np.power(x,j+1))

usercmap = plt.get_cmap('jet')
cNorm  = colors.Normalize(vmin=0, vmax=num)
scalarMap = cm.ScalarMappable(norm=cNorm, cmap=usercmap)

for i,oney in enumerate(y):
    c = scalarMap.to_rgba(i)
    plt.errorbar(x, oney, fmt="o-", color = c, alpha = 0.8, linewidth = 1, label=str(i))        

plt.legend(bbox_to_anchor=(-0.1, 1.0, 1.2, 0.01), loc='lower left',ncol=10, mode="expand", borderaxespad=0.,fontsize=8)

plt.savefig("qiita_legend_sample.png ")
plt.show()


Click here for the generated figure.

qiita_legend_sample.png

Notes

It's now easier to expand the legend horizontally and display it outside the graph, but the expand option only supports horizontal, not vertical (as of 2019.1.8). I think time will be settled.

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