Send images taken with ESP32-WROOM-32 to AWS (API Gateway → Lambda → S3)
Overview
The title remains the same, but I sent the image taken with ESP32-WROOM-32 to AWS (API Gateway → Lambda → S3)!
The camera uses OV2640. The control method on the ESP32 is summarized in the previous article. In this article, we will proceed on the assumption that the circuit diagram has already been created. https://qiita.com/koki-iwaizumi/items/db81c46b0d1b39b01655
Create S3 bucket
Create an S3 bucket to save the image. I will omit the details because I only create a bucket.
lambda setting
Create a lambda function referring to the following. This time I have an API key and I created a function using Python 3.7. https://dev.classmethod.jp/cloud/aws/getting-start-api-gateway/
After creating the function, it is necessary to assign the role of S3 to that function, so assign S3 by referring to the following. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/lambda/latest/dg/with-s3-example.html
Below is the lambda_function. Change BUCKET_NAME to the S3 bucket name. As the contents of the process, json format data {"image": "jpeg"} converted by base64 is received, and after base64 data code, it is saved in S3 with a random name. * We have not handled exceptions such as when base64 cannot convert, so we plan to add it later.
Set the trigger to API Gateway and save with the API key.
lambda_function.py
import boto3
import base64
import uuid
BUCKET_NAME = '*'
def lambda_handler(event, context):
response = {
"status": "failed",
}
print(event)
if "image" not in event:
return response
s3 = boto3.resource('s3')
bucket = s3.Bucket(BUCKET_NAME)
bucket.put_object(
Key=f'{uuid.uuid4()}.jpg',
Body=base64.b64decode(event["image"]),
ContentType='image/jpeg')
response["status"] = "success"
return response
ESP-WROOM-32
Write the following program to ESP-WROOM-32. All files are listed in git. https://github.com/koki-iwaizumi/esp32-ov2640/tree/aws-lambda
After connecting to wifi, take an image with OV2640, convert jpeg data to base64, and request API Gateway with the post method. The size of jpeg data is VGA (640px: 480px).
Enter any value for each of the variables below. WIFI_SSID、WIFI_PASSWORD、AWS_ENDPOINT、AWS_API_KEY
app_main.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "freertos/semphr.h"
#include "freertos/event_groups.h"
#include "esp_system.h"
#include "esp_wifi.h"
#include "esp_event_loop.h"
#include "esp_http_client.h"
#include "esp_log.h"
#include "esp_err.h"
#include "nvs_flash.h"
#include "driver/i2c.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "camera.h"
#include "http_server.h"
#include "mbedtls/base64.h"
/********* config ***********/
#define WIFI_SSID "*"
#define WIFI_PASSWORD "*"
#define AWS_ENDPOINT "*"
#define AWS_API_KEY "*"
/********* i2c ***********/
#define I2C_CAMERA_TX_BUF_DISABLE 0
#define I2C_CAMERA_RX_BUF_DISABLE 0
#define I2C_CAMERA_FREQ_HZ 100000
#define I2C_CAMERA_NUM I2C_NUM_0
#define ACK_CHECK_EN 0x1
#define ACK_CHECK_DIS 0x0
#define ACK_VAL 0x0
#define NACK_VAL 0x1
#define CAMERA_SLAVE_ADDRESS_READ 0b01100001
#define CAMERA_SLAVE_ADDRESS_WRITE 0b01100000
/********* gpio ***********/
#define PIN_D0 35
#define PIN_D1 17
#define PIN_D2 34
#define PIN_D3 5
#define PIN_D4 39
#define PIN_D5 18
#define PIN_D6 36
#define PIN_D7 19
#define PIN_XCLK 27
#define PIN_PCLK 21
#define PIN_VSYNC 22
#define PIN_HREF 26
#define PIN_SDA 25
#define PIN_SCL 23
#define PIN_RESET 15
#define GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_SEL (1 << PIN_RESET)
static const char* TAG = "camera_demo app_main";
static EventGroupHandle_t s_wifi_event_group;
const int CONNECTED_BIT = BIT0;
static ip4_addr_t s_ip_addr;
/********* camera reg ***********/
static const uint8_t default_regs[][2] = {
{0xFF, 0x00},
{0x2C, 0xFF},
{0x2E, 0xDF},
{0xFF, 0x01},
{0x3C, 0x32},
{0x11, 0x80},
{0x09, 0x02},
{0x28, 0x00},
{0x13, 0xE5},
{0x14, 0x48},
{0x15, 0x00},
{0x2C, 0x0C},
{0x33, 0x78},
{0x3A, 0x33},
{0x3B, 0xFB},
{0x3E, 0x00},
{0x43, 0x11},
{0x16, 0x10},
{0x39, 0x02},
{0x35, 0x88},
{0x22, 0x0A},
{0x37, 0x40},
{0x23, 0x00},
{0x34, 0xA0},
{0x06, 0x02},
{0x06, 0x88},
{0x07, 0xC0},
{0x0D, 0xB7},
{0x0E, 0x01},
{0x4C, 0x00},
{0x4A, 0x81},
{0x21, 0x99},
{0x24, 0x40},
{0x25, 0x38},
{0x26, 0x82},
{0x48, 0x00},
{0x49, 0x00},
{0x5C, 0x00},
{0x63, 0x00},
{0x46, 0x00},
{0x47, 0x00},
{0x0C, 0x3A},
{0x5D, 0x55},
{0x5E, 0x7D},
{0x5F, 0x7D},
{0x60, 0x55},
{0x61, 0x70},
{0x62, 0x80},
{0x7C, 0x05},
{0x20, 0x80},
{0x28, 0x30},
{0x6C, 0x00},
{0x6D, 0x80},
{0x6E, 0x00},
{0x70, 0x02},
{0x71, 0x94},
{0x73, 0xC1},
{0x3D, 0x34},
{0x5A, 0x57},
{0x4F, 0xBB},
{0x50, 0x9C},
{0xFF, 0x00},
{0xE5, 0x7F},
{0xF9, 0xC0},
{0x41, 0x24},
{0xE0, 0x14},
{0x76, 0xFF},
{0x33, 0xA0},
{0x42, 0x20},
{0x43, 0x18},
{0x4C, 0x00},
{0x87, 0xD0},
{0x88, 0x3F},
{0xD7, 0x03},
{0xD9, 0x10},
{0xD3, 0x82},
{0xC8, 0x08},
{0xC9, 0x80},
{0x7C, 0x00},
{0x7D, 0x00},
{0x7C, 0x03},
{0x7D, 0x48},
{0x7D, 0x48},
{0x7C, 0x08},
{0x7D, 0x20},
{0x7D, 0x10},
{0x7D, 0x0E},
{0x90, 0x00},
{0x91, 0x0E},
{0x91, 0x1A},
{0x91, 0x31},
{0x91, 0x5A},
{0x91, 0x69},
{0x91, 0x75},
{0x91, 0x7E},
{0x91, 0x88},
{0x91, 0x8F},
{0x91, 0x96},
{0x91, 0xA3},
{0x91, 0xAF},
{0x91, 0xC4},
{0x91, 0xD7},
{0x91, 0xE8},
{0x91, 0x20},
{0x92, 0x00},
{0x93, 0x06},
{0x93, 0xE3},
{0x93, 0x03},
{0x93, 0x03},
{0x93, 0x00},
{0x93, 0x02},
{0x93, 0x00},
{0x93, 0x00},
{0x93, 0x00},
{0x93, 0x00},
{0x93, 0x00},
{0x93, 0x00},
{0x93, 0x00},
{0x96, 0x00},
{0x97, 0x08},
{0x97, 0x19},
{0x97, 0x02},
{0x97, 0x0C},
{0x97, 0x24},
{0x97, 0x30},
{0x97, 0x28},
{0x97, 0x26},
{0x97, 0x02},
{0x97, 0x98},
{0x97, 0x80},
{0x97, 0x00},
{0x97, 0x00},
{0xA4, 0x00},
{0xA8, 0x00},
{0xC5, 0x11},
{0xC6, 0x51},
{0xBF, 0x80},
{0xC7, 0x10},
{0xB6, 0x66},
{0xB8, 0xA5},
{0xB7, 0x64},
{0xB9, 0x7C},
{0xB3, 0xAF},
{0xB4, 0x97},
{0xB5, 0xFF},
{0xB0, 0xC5},
{0xB1, 0x94},
{0xB2, 0x0F},
{0xC4, 0x5C},
{0xA6, 0x00},
{0xA7, 0x20},
{0xA7, 0xD8},
{0xA7, 0x1B},
{0xA7, 0x31},
{0xA7, 0x00},
{0xA7, 0x18},
{0xA7, 0x20},
{0xA7, 0xD8},
{0xA7, 0x19},
{0xA7, 0x31},
{0xA7, 0x00},
{0xA7, 0x18},
{0xA7, 0x20},
{0xA7, 0xD8},
{0xA7, 0x19},
{0xA7, 0x31},
{0xA7, 0x00},
{0xA7, 0x18},
{0x7F, 0x00},
{0xE5, 0x1F},
{0xE1, 0x77},
{0xDD, 0x7F},
{0xC2, 0x0E},
{0x00, 0x00}
};
static const uint8_t svga_regs[][2] = {
{0xFF, 0x01},
{0x12, 0x40},
{0x03, 0x0F},
{0x32, 0x09},
{0x17, 0x11},
{0x18, 0x43},
{0x19, 0x00},
{0x1A, 0x4B},
{0x3D, 0x38},
{0x35, 0xDA},
{0x22, 0x1A},
{0x37, 0xC3},
{0x34, 0xC0},
{0x06, 0x88},
{0x0D, 0x87},
{0x0E, 0x41},
{0x42, 0x03},
{0xFF, 0x00},
{0x05, 0x01},
{0xE0, 0x04},
{0xC0, 0x64},
{0xC1, 0x4B},
{0x8C, 0x00},
{0x53, 0x00},
{0x54, 0x00},
{0x51, 0xC8},
{0x52, 0x96},
{0x55, 0x00},
{0x57, 0x00},
{0x86, 0x3D},
{0x50, 0x80},
{0xD3, 0x80},
{0x05, 0x00},
{0xE0, 0x00},
{0x00, 0x00}
};
static const uint8_t jpeg_regs[][2] = {
{0xFF, 0x00},
{0xE0, 0x04},
{0xDA, 0x18},
{0xD7, 0x03},
{0xE1, 0x77},
{0x44, 0x0C},
{0xE0, 0x00},
{0x00, 0x00}
};
static const uint8_t framesize_low_regs[][2] = {
{0xFF, 0x00},
{0x05, 0x01},
{0x5A, 0xA0},
{0x5B, 0x78},
{0x5C, 0x00},
{0xFF, 0x01},
{0x11, 0x83},
{0x00, 0x00}
};
static const uint8_t framesize_high_regs[][2] = {
{0xFF, 0x00},
{0x05, 0x00},
{0x00, 0x00}
};
static const uint8_t quality_regs[][2] = {
{0xFF, 0x00},
{0x44, 0x0F},
{0x00, 0x00}
};
esp_err_t read_camera_config(uint8_t reg, uint8_t* data){
i2c_cmd_handle_t cmd = i2c_cmd_link_create();
i2c_master_start(cmd);
i2c_master_write_byte(cmd, CAMERA_SLAVE_ADDRESS_WRITE, ACK_CHECK_EN);
i2c_master_write_byte(cmd, reg, ACK_CHECK_EN);
i2c_master_stop(cmd);
esp_err_t err = i2c_master_cmd_begin(I2C_CAMERA_NUM, cmd, 10 / portTICK_RATE_MS);
i2c_cmd_link_delete(cmd);
if(err != ESP_OK){
return err;
}
cmd = i2c_cmd_link_create();
i2c_master_start(cmd);
i2c_master_write_byte(cmd, CAMERA_SLAVE_ADDRESS_READ, ACK_CHECK_EN);
i2c_master_read_byte(cmd, data, NACK_VAL);
i2c_master_stop(cmd);
err = i2c_master_cmd_begin(I2C_CAMERA_NUM, cmd, 10 / portTICK_RATE_MS);
i2c_cmd_link_delete(cmd);
if(err != ESP_OK){
return err;
}
return ESP_OK;
}
esp_err_t write_camera_config(uint8_t reg, uint8_t data){
i2c_cmd_handle_t cmd = i2c_cmd_link_create();
i2c_master_start(cmd);
i2c_master_write_byte(cmd, CAMERA_SLAVE_ADDRESS_WRITE, ACK_CHECK_EN);
i2c_master_write_byte(cmd, reg, ACK_CHECK_EN);
i2c_master_write_byte(cmd, data, ACK_CHECK_EN);
i2c_master_stop(cmd);
esp_err_t err = i2c_master_cmd_begin(I2C_CAMERA_NUM, cmd, 10 / portTICK_RATE_MS);
i2c_cmd_link_delete(cmd);
if(err != ESP_OK){
return err;
}
return ESP_OK;
}
static esp_err_t event_handler(void *ctx, system_event_t *event){
switch(event->event_id){
case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_START:
esp_wifi_connect();
break;
case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP:
xEventGroupSetBits(s_wifi_event_group, CONNECTED_BIT);
s_ip_addr = event->event_info.got_ip.ip_info.ip;
break;
case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_DISCONNECTED:
esp_wifi_connect();
xEventGroupClearBits(s_wifi_event_group, CONNECTED_BIT);
break;
default:
break;
}
return ESP_OK;
}
static void initialise_wifi(void){
tcpip_adapter_init();
s_wifi_event_group = xEventGroupCreate();
esp_event_loop_init(event_handler, NULL);
wifi_init_config_t cfg = WIFI_INIT_CONFIG_DEFAULT();
esp_wifi_init(&cfg);
esp_wifi_set_storage(WIFI_STORAGE_RAM);
wifi_config_t wifi_config = {
.sta = {
.ssid = WIFI_SSID,
.password = WIFI_PASSWORD,
},
};
esp_wifi_set_mode(WIFI_MODE_STA);
esp_wifi_set_config(WIFI_IF_STA, &wifi_config);
esp_wifi_start();
esp_wifi_set_ps(WIFI_PS_NONE);
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Connecting to \"%s\"", wifi_config.sta.ssid);
xEventGroupWaitBits(s_wifi_event_group, CONNECTED_BIT, false, true, portMAX_DELAY);
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Connected");
}
esp_err_t init_camera_clock(camera_config_t* config){
periph_module_enable(PERIPH_LEDC_MODULE);
ledc_timer_config_t timer_conf = {
.duty_resolution = 1,
.freq_hz = config->xclk_freq_hz,
.speed_mode = LEDC_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
.timer_num = config->ledc_timer
};
esp_err_t err = ledc_timer_config(&timer_conf);
if(err != ESP_OK){
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "ledc_timer_config failed, err=%d", err);
return err;
}
ledc_channel_config_t ch_conf = {
.channel = config->ledc_channel,
.timer_sel = config->ledc_timer,
.intr_type = LEDC_INTR_DISABLE,
.duty = 1,
.speed_mode = LEDC_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
.gpio_num = config->pin_xclk
};
err = ledc_channel_config(&ch_conf);
if(err != ESP_OK){
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "ledc_channel_config failed, err=%d", err);
return err;
}
return ESP_OK;
}
void init_i2c(camera_config_t* config){
int i2c_master_port = I2C_NUM_0;
i2c_config_t conf;
conf.mode = I2C_MODE_MASTER;
conf.sda_io_num = config->pin_sscb_sda;
conf.sda_pullup_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE;
conf.scl_io_num = config->pin_sscb_scl;
conf.scl_pullup_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE;
conf.master.clk_speed = I2C_CAMERA_FREQ_HZ;
i2c_param_config(i2c_master_port, &conf);
i2c_driver_install(i2c_master_port, conf.mode, I2C_CAMERA_RX_BUF_DISABLE, I2C_CAMERA_TX_BUF_DISABLE, 0);
}
esp_err_t _http_event_handle(esp_http_client_event_t *evt){
switch(evt->event_id){
case HTTP_EVENT_ERROR:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "HTTP_EVENT_ERROR");
break;
case HTTP_EVENT_ON_CONNECTED:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "HTTP_EVENT_ON_CONNECTED");
break;
case HTTP_EVENT_HEADER_SENT:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "HTTP_EVENT_HEADER_SENT");
break;
case HTTP_EVENT_ON_HEADER:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "HTTP_EVENT_ON_HEADER");
printf("%.*s", evt->data_len, (char*)evt->data);
break;
case HTTP_EVENT_ON_DATA:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "HTTP_EVENT_ON_DATA, len=%d", evt->data_len);
if( ! esp_http_client_is_chunked_response(evt->client)){
printf("%.*s", evt->data_len, (char*)evt->data);
}
break;
case HTTP_EVENT_ON_FINISH:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "HTTP_EVENT_ON_FINISH");
break;
case HTTP_EVENT_DISCONNECTED:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "HTTP_EVENT_DISCONNECTED");
break;
}
return ESP_OK;
}
static void http_post_task(){
esp_http_client_config_t http_config = {
.url = AWS_ENDPOINT,
.event_handler = _http_event_handle,
.method = HTTP_METHOD_POST,
};
unsigned char image0[15000];
char image[15000];
size_t olen;
mbedtls_base64_encode(image0, sizeof(image0), &olen, camera_get_fb(), camera_get_data_size());
sprintf(image, "{\"image\":\"%s\"}", image0);
const char *post_data = (const char*)image;
esp_http_client_handle_t client = esp_http_client_init(&http_config);
esp_http_client_set_post_field(client, post_data, strlen(post_data));
esp_http_client_set_header(client, "x-api-key", AWS_API_KEY);
esp_http_client_set_header(client, "Content-Type", "application/json");
esp_err_t err = esp_http_client_perform(client);
if(err == ESP_OK){
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Status = %d, content_length = %d", esp_http_client_get_status_code(client), esp_http_client_get_content_length(client));
}
esp_http_client_cleanup(client);
while(1);
}
void app_main(){
esp_log_level_set("*", ESP_LOG_VERBOSE);
esp_err_t err = nvs_flash_init();
if(err != ESP_OK){
nvs_flash_erase();
nvs_flash_init();
}
gpio_install_isr_service(0);
camera_config_t camera_config = {
.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0,
.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0,
.pin_d0 = PIN_D0,
.pin_d1 = PIN_D1,
.pin_d2 = PIN_D2,
.pin_d3 = PIN_D3,
.pin_d4 = PIN_D4,
.pin_d5 = PIN_D5,
.pin_d6 = PIN_D6,
.pin_d7 = PIN_D7,
.pin_xclk = PIN_XCLK,
.pin_pclk = PIN_PCLK,
.pin_vsync = PIN_VSYNC,
.pin_href = PIN_HREF,
.pin_sscb_sda = PIN_SDA,
.pin_sscb_scl = PIN_SCL,
.pin_reset = PIN_RESET,
.xclk_freq_hz = 6000000,
.width = 640,
.height = 480,
};
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "xclk_freq_hz=%d[Hz]", camera_config.xclk_freq_hz);
//GPIO settings
gpio_config_t io_conf;
io_conf.intr_type = GPIO_PIN_INTR_DISABLE;
io_conf.mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT;
io_conf.pin_bit_mask = GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_SEL;
io_conf.pull_down_en = 0;
io_conf.pull_up_en = 0;
gpio_config(&io_conf);
//CAMERA clock output
init_camera_clock(&camera_config);
//I2C initialization
init_i2c(&camera_config);
//CAMERA reset
gpio_set_level(PIN_RESET, 0);
vTaskDelay(10 / portTICK_RATE_MS);
gpio_set_level(PIN_RESET, 1);
vTaskDelay(10 / portTICK_RATE_MS);
//CAMERA OV2640 confirmation
uint8_t camera_pid_h;
read_camera_config(0x0A, &camera_pid_h);
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "camera_pid_h=0x%02X", camera_pid_h);
if(camera_pid_h != 0x26){
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "failed, camera_pid_h=%02X", camera_pid_h);
return;
}
//CAMERA system reset
write_camera_config(0xFF, 0x01);
write_camera_config(0x12, 0x80);
vTaskDelay(10 / portTICK_RATE_MS);
//Write CAMERA settings
int i = 0;
while(default_regs[i][0]){
write_camera_config(default_regs[i][0], default_regs[i][1]);
i++;
}
i = 0;
while(jpeg_regs[i][0]){
write_camera_config(jpeg_regs[i][0], jpeg_regs[i][1]);
i++;
}
i = 0;
while(framesize_low_regs[i][0]){
write_camera_config(framesize_low_regs[i][0], framesize_low_regs[i][1]);
i++;
}
i = 0;
while(svga_regs[i][0]){
write_camera_config(svga_regs[i][0], svga_regs[i][1]);
i++;
}
i = 0;
while(framesize_high_regs[i][0]){
write_camera_config(framesize_high_regs[i][0], framesize_high_regs[i][1]);
i++;
}
i = 0;
while(quality_regs[i][0]){
write_camera_config(quality_regs[i][0], quality_regs[i][1]);
i++;
}
//CAMERA Other settings
err = camera_init(&camera_config);
if(err != ESP_OK){
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
return;
}
//CAMERA wifi settings
initialise_wifi();
//photography
err = camera_run();
if(err != ESP_OK){
ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Camera capture failed with error = %d", err);
return;
}
xTaskCreate(&http_post_task, "http_post_task", 50000, NULL, 5, NULL);
vTaskDelay(10000 / portTICK_RATE_MS);
}
Run
When you run ESP32, the captured image will be saved in S3.
Reference summary
Build an API Gateway environment to learn while building from scratch https://dev.classmethod.jp/cloud/aws/getting-start-api-gateway/
lambda (trigger: API Gateway) https://blog.apar.jp/web/10804/
Create S3 role https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/lambda/latest/dg/with-s3-example.html
Save the base64-converted image file to S3 with API Gateway + Lambda https://qiita.com/yumakkt/items/1a62d279e81d9f6d0c63
[Python] Decodes Base64-encoded image data. https://qiita.com/TsubasaSato/items/908d4f5c241091ecbf9b
POST images from M5 Camera https://qiita.com/dinosauria123/items/149535349d98f51bd876
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