Install pyenv on Raspberry Pi and version control Python

Python of 3.5.3 is installed by default on Raspberry Pi, I wanted to use Python with 3.6 or higher, so I'll use pyenv to switch versions.

environment

$ uname -a
# Linux raspberrypi 4.19.66-v7+ #1253 SMP Thu Aug 15 11:49:46 BST 2019 armv7l GNU/Linux
$ lsb_release -a                 
# No LSB modules are available.
# Distributor ID: Raspbian
# Description:    Raspbian GNU/Linux 9.11 (stretch)
# Release:        9.11
# Codename:       stretch

Install pyenv

First, install the required packages.

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt install -y git openssl libssl-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev

Clone pyenv from github.

$ git clone https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv

Add the following to .bash_profile so that you can hit the command.

$ sudo vi ~/.bash_profile

.bash_profile


export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"
export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"

Reload .bash_profile.

$ source ~/.bash_profile

Installation is complete when the version is displayed with the following command.

$ pyenv --version
#pyenv 1.2.16-5-g7097f820

Version change with pyenv

Let's display a list of versions that can be installed.

$ pyenv install --list
#Available versions:
#  2.1.3
#  2.2.3
#  ...
#  3.6.0
#  3.6-dev
#  ...
#  stackless-3.4.7
#  stackless-3.5.4

This time I will install 3.6.0.

$ pyenv install 3.6.0

Let's actually change the version after the installation is completed.

First, check the version before the change.

$ python --version
#Python 2.7.13
$ python3 --version
#Python 3.5.3

Change the version.

$ pyenv global 3.6.0

The version has changed as below!

$ python --version
#Python 3.6.0
$ python3 --version
#Python 3.6.0

About pyenv settings

Set pyenv with the following command.

$ pyenv global x.x.x

By the way, you can set the scope by changing this global part.

Scope of application Use applications
shell Applies only to the shell you are currently using Temporary use
local Apply to current directory I want to set for each folder
global Applies to the whole I want to change the overall default environment

You can restore it by changing the x.x.x part to system.

Example


$ pyenv local 3.6.4
$ pyenv shell 2.7.6
$ pyenv global system

You can also see the list of installed versions with the following command.

$ pyenv versions

bonus

When I tried to install 3.7 series, I could not install it with the following error.

$ pyenv install 3.7.0
Downloading Python-3.7.0.tar.xz...
-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
Installing Python-3.7.0...

BUILD FAILED (Raspbian 9.11 using python-build 1.2.16-5-g7097f820)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /tmp/python-build.20200213174102.2652
Results logged to /tmp/python-build.20200213174102.2652.log

Last 10 log lines:
  File "/tmp/tmp01sfxi5t/pip-10.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/__init__.py", line 42, in <module>
  File "/tmp/tmp01sfxi5t/pip-10.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cmdoptions.py", line 16, in <module>
  File "/tmp/tmp01sfxi5t/pip-10.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/index.py", line 25, in <module>
  File "/tmp/tmp01sfxi5t/pip-10.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/download.py", line 39, in <module>
  File "/tmp/tmp01sfxi5t/pip-10.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py", line 3, in <module>
  File "/tmp/python-build.20200213174102.2652/Python-3.7.0/Lib/ctypes/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
    from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'
Makefile:1122: recipe for target 'install' failed
make: *** [install] Error 1

By installing libffi-dev, I was able to install 3.7 series as well.

$ sudo apt install libffi-dev
$ pyenv install 3.7.0

Today is up to here!

reference

-Building an environment with pyenv and pyenv-virtualenv

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