Ruby on Rails validation summary

Introduction

I will summarize examples etc. mainly as a memorandum of Rails Tutorial. I would appreciate it if you could point out any mistakes.

What is validation?

Verifying the state of an object before saving it to the database. Verify that the value entered is not invalid. For example, you can prevent empty data from being saved, or you can increase the number of characters.

Basic writing

The basic entry method is as follows.

model


validates :Column name,helper

#If you want to apply to multiple columns
validates :Column name, :Column name, :Column name,helper

Main validation helpers

presence Make sure that the specified attribute is not empty.

model


validates column name, presence: true

model


validates :name, presence: true

#If you want to apply to multiple columns
validates :name, :login, :email, presence: true

length Validate the length of the attribute value. There are many options and you can specify different length limits.

model


validates column name, length: {Limits}

model


  validates :passward, length: { minimum: 5 }        #5 characters or more
  validates :name, length: { maximum: 50 }           #20 characters or less
  validates :passward, length: { in: 3..10  }        #3 to 10 characters
  validates :registration_number, length: { is: 6 }  #Only 6 characters allowed

uniqueness Verify that the value of the attribute is unique and unique.

model


validates :Column name, uniqueness: true

model


validates :name, uniqueness: true

acceptance Verify that the checkbox is selected when the form is submitted. It is used when you need to check "I accept the terms of service".

model


validates :Column name, acceptance: true

model


validates :terms_of_service, acceptance: true

confirmation Validates that the values entered in multiple forms match exactly. It is used to match the values of the email address and the confirmation email address.

model


validates :Column name, confirmation: true

model


validates :email, confirmation: true

numericality Verify that only numbers are used for the attribute.

model


validates column name, numericality: true

model


validates :points, numericality: true

model


#Only integers allowed
validates :age, numericality: { only_integer: true }
Main options
option Overview
:only_integer Must be an integer
:equal_to Must be equal to the specified value

format Verify by testing whether the regular expression given by the with option matches the attribute value.

model


validates :Column name, format: { with:Limits}

model


#Only alphanumeric characters allowed
validates :password, format: { with: /\A[a-zA-Z]+\z/ } 

#Allow only valid email addresses
 VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+@[a-z\d\-]+(\.[a-z\d\-]+)*\.[a-z]+\z/i
 validates :email, format: { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX }

Regular expressions like the one above to allow only valid email addresses are based on the table below.

Regular expressions Overview
z\d-.]+.[a-z]+\z/i Full regular expression
/ Indicates the start of a regular expression
\A The beginning of the string
[\w+-.]+ Alphanumeric, underscore (_),plus(+),hyphen(-),Dot(.) At least one character or more
@ At sign
[a-z\d-.]+ Repeat at least one letter of lowercase letters, numbers, hyphens, or dots
. Dot
[a-z]+ Repeat at least one lowercase letter
\z End of string
/ Indicates the end of a regular expression
i Ignore case option

Common options

1 2
:message You can specify the error message that will be displayed when validation fails. If not specified, the default message is displayed.
:allow_nill If the target value is nil, validation will be skipped.
:allow_blank The value of the attribute is blank?Validation passes if: (nil, empty string, etc.).

model


#When writing a message directly
validates column name, presence: { message:“Custom error message”} 

model


validates :name, presence: { message:"Required fields"}

reference

Active Record Validation-Rails Guide v6 \ .0 https://railsguides.jp/active_record_validations.html

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