Precautions when using the urllib.parse.quote function

The urllib.parse.quote function (urllib.quote function in Python2) used for URL encoding does not encode the path delimiter (/) by default.

>>> help(urllib.parse.quote)

#The character string specified by the argument safe is excluded from encoding.
quote(string, safe='/', encoding=None, errors=None)
    quote('abc def') -> 'abc%20def'
    
(…)

    By default, the quote function is intended for quoting the path
    section of a URL.  Thus, it will not encode '/'.  This character
    is reserved, but in typical usage the quote function is being
    called on a path where the existing slash characters are used as
    reserved characters.

Therefore, when encoding a character string including a URL with Twitter API etc., it is necessary to set the second argument (or named argument safe) to '' (empty string).

quote_safe


#Path delimiter(/)Is not encoded
>>> urllib.parse.quote('http://hoge.com/api')
'http%3A//hoge.com/api'

#Path delimiter(/)Is encoded
>>> urllib.parse.quote('http://hoge.com/api', '')
'http%3A%2F%2Fhoge.com%2Fapi'
>>> urllib.parse.quote('http://hoge.com/api', safe='')
'http%3A%2F%2Fhoge.com%2Fapi'

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