[RUBY] roman numerals (I tried to simplify it with hash)

roman numerals

problem

** Write a method that takes arabic numerals and returns roman numerals. ** **

Each Roman numeral corresponds as follows.

solution

Basically, the straightforward method is to divide by the Arabic numerals corresponding to various Roman numerals. However, Roman numerals behave a little specially at 4 and 9 in Arabic numerals. If you try to do something good with a formula, you will likely abuse the if statement.

This time, in order to make the program simple and beautiful, 4 and 9 in each digit of Arabic numerals are registered in the array in advance. However, if you want to prepare an array, you have to prepare two arrays, Roman numerals and Arabic numerals. This is no longer a simple and beautiful program.

Therefore, although it is not mentioned in the class, we will utilize the convenient hash unique to Ruby. A simple explanation of hash is the dictionary type in Python. If there is an irregular but correspondence between two arrays, you can use hash and each to make a simple program. What I learned when I was a mentor at a programming school can be used in such a place.

Two arrays in Hash

If you use an array

arabic_value = [1000,900,500,400,100,90,50,40,10,9,5,4,1]
roman_value = ["M","CM","D","CD","C","XC","L","XL","X","IX","V","IV","I"]

If you use a hash, you can use a hash instead of two lines.

value_sets = {"1000"=>"M","900"=>"CM","500"=>"D","400"=>"CD","100"=>"C","90"=>"XC","50"=>"L","40"=>"XL","10"=>"X","9"=>"IX","5"=>"V","4"=>"IV","1"=>"I"}

It can be made into one line like this, and it becomes easy to understand visually and intuitively.

Implementation

Now, let's implement a method to \ _roman that converts Arabic numerals to Roman numerals using hash. Since the hash key is an Arabic numeral, divide it by the key in order from the beginning, and substitute the Roman numeral value for the number of quotations. This can be repeated with each from the beginning of the hash, so the program is as follows.

def to_roman(num)
  str = ""
  value_sets = {"1000"=>"M","900"=>"CM","500"=>"D","400"=>"CD","100"=>"C","90"=>"XC","50"=>"L","40"=>"XL","10"=>"X","9"=>"IX","5"=>"V","4"=>"IV","1"=>"I"}
  value_sets.each do |arabic,roman|
    quotient = num/arabic.to_i
    num = num%arabic.to_i
    str << roman*quotient
  end
  str
end

puts to_roman(ARGV[0].to_i)

The program was shorter than I had imagined.

Development issues

Extend Integer class to

999.to_roman #=>CMXCIX

I want to return Roman numerals by executing like this.

It's easy when you get here.

Implementation

Like this.

class Integer
  def to_roman
    num = self
    str = ""
    value_sets = {"1000"=>"M","900"=>"CM","500"=>"D","400"=>"CD","100"=>"C","90"=>"XC","50"=>"L","40"=>"XL","10"=>"X","9"=>"IX","5"=>"V","4"=>"IV","1"=>"I"}
    value_sets.each do |arabic,roman|
      quotient = num/arabic.to_i
      num = num%arabic.to_i
      str << roman*quotient
    end
    str
  end
end

puts ARGV[0].to_i.to_roman

Operation check

Don't forget to check the operation.

$ ruby roman_numerals.rb 23 
XXIII

$ ruby roman_numerals.rb 169
CLXIX

$ ruby roman_numerals.rb 1997
MCMXCVII

$ ruby roman_numerals.rb 2020 
MMXX

There seems to be no problem.

Reference page

Click here for the page I referred to this time. roman numerals

• source ~/grad_members_20f/members/e79a93e5b7b1/posts/class/roman_numerals.org