Static files are required to achieve a variety of designs.
There are two types of static files in Django. The first is pre-uploaded Static Files like JavaScript, CSS, Image. The second is user-uploaded MP4s and PDFs. Such files are called Media Files.
8.1 Static Files Put Static Files in a static folder inside each APP.
For example:
mysite/
manage.py
mysite/
static/
css/
bootstrap.min.css
js/
bootstrap.min.js
__init__.py
settings.py
urls.py
wsgi.py
myapp/
static/
css/
bootstrap.min.css
js/
bootstrap.min.js
templates/
__init__.py
admin.py
apps.py
models.py
tests.py
urls.py
views.py
When using with Template: {% static 'file PATH' %}
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
{% load static %}
</head>
<body>
<p>Test Page</p>
<script src="{% static 'js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"/>
</body>
</html>
STATIC_URL can be specified in settings.py for static files folder.
e.g.
#STATIC FILES file access PATH
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
#STATIC FILES File save PATH
STATIC_ROOT = '/static/'
8.2 Media Files
Specify the MEDIA_ROOT parameter in settings.py. e.g.
#Media file storage PATH
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
#Media file access PATH
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
models.py How to write:
models.py
...
class File(models.Model):
filedata = models.FileField(upload_to='files')
filepic = models.ImageField(null=True, upload_to='pics')
uploadtime = models.DateTimeField('updated time', default = timezone.now)
...
The FileFiled upload_to parameter specifies a subfolder.
For MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join (BASE_DIR,'media'), FileField (upload_to ='files'):
The uploaded file is saved in ./media/files/.
views.py How to write: When uploading:
...
def play(request, id):
f = File.objects.get(id=id)
data = {'video': f}
#Use url value
data['url'] = f.filedata.url
return render(request, 'player.html', data)
...
File usage:
views.py
...
def uploadfile(request):
if request.method != 'POST':
return render(request, 'upload.html')
if not form.is_valid():
return render(request, 'upload.html')
if 'filedata' in request.FILES:
filedata = request.FILES['filedata']
else:
return render(request, 'upload.html')
if 'filepic' in request.FILES:
filepic = request.FILES['filepic']
else:
filepic = None
try:
f = File(filedata=filedata, filepic=filepic)
f.save()
return render(request, 'success.html')
except:
return render(request, 'upload.html')
...
Template How to write:
player.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
{% load static %}
</head>
<body>
<video src={{ url }} width="640" height="480" preload="none" autoplay class="videoPlayer" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>
<script src="{% static 'js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"/>
</body>
</html>
How to write project urls.py:
urls.py
from django.conf.urls import include, url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^play/(?P<id>\d+)/$', views.play, name='play'),
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
If you want to delete the file:
Don't forget to delete files in Database, not just objects:
views.py
...
try:
existfileObj = File.objects.get(filename=filename)
os.remove(existfileObj.filedata.path)
existfileObj.delete()
except File.DoesNotExist:
print('File in not exist.')
existfileObj = None
else:
#use the path value
os.remove(existfileObj.filedata.path)
os.remove(existfileObj.filepic.path)
existfileObj.delete()
...
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